Eye rods and cones diagram12/5/2023 ![]() ![]() Macular edema has several causes, including diabetes. This is an accumulation of fluid and swelling of the macula, causing distortion and blurred central vision. One of the devastating consequences of diabetes is damage to the blood vessels that supply and nourish the retina, leading to significant vision loss. And the prevalence of AMD - which affects one in 14 Americans over age 40 and more than 30 percent of seniors over age 75 - is increasing as the U.S. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common serious, age-related eye disease, affecting 9.1 million Americans. Here is a short list of the more common retina problems: ![]() There is a wide variety of retina problems, conditions and diseases. SEE RELATED: Retinal Dystrophy and Coats' Disease Retina Problems In the visual cortex of the brain (which, ironically, is located in the back of the brain), these signals are converted into images and visual perceptions. Photoreceptor cells take light focused by the cornea and lens and convert it into chemical and nervous signals which are transported to visual centers in the brain by way of the optic nerve. SEE RELATED: Tetrachromacy Retina Function ![]() The fovea contains only cone photoreceptors and is the point in the retina responsible for maximum visual acuity and color vision. At the center of the macula is a small depression called the fovea. Rods are located throughout the retina cones are concentrated in a small central area of the retina called the macula. Cones are responsible for central vision and color vision and perform best in medium and bright light. Rod photoreceptors detect motion, provide black-and-white vision and function well in low light. There are two types of photoreceptor cells in the human eye - rods and cones. It's composed of several layers, including one that contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The retina is the sensory membrane that lines the inner surface of the back of the eyeball. This takes place in the retina, which is located in the back of the eye. The first step in the process of vision is the conversion of light into signals that can be interpreted in the brain. ![]()
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